Ashtavakra Gita · Verse 9.3 · Ashtavakra speaks
A wise man becomes quiet by realizing that all this is vitiated by the threefold misery and is transient, unsubstantial, contemptible and worthy to be rejected.
Word by word
अनित्यं
anityaṃ
impermanent, transient
adjective, neuter, nominative singular
Anitya — impermanence — is the first mark of phenomenal existence. Recognition of impermanence is the gateway to dispassion (vairāgya) in Advaita Vedānta.
सर्वमेवेदं
sarvam eva idaṃ
all this indeed
pronoun + particle + demonstrative pronoun, neuter, nominative singular
तापत्रितयदूषितम्
tāpatritayadūṣitam
vitiated by threefold misery
compound adjective, neuter, nominative singular (tāpa + tritaya + dūṣita)
The tāpatraya — threefold misery — consists of: (1) ādhyātmika: suffering pertaining to one's own body and mind; (2) ādhibhautika: suffering caused by other beings; (3) ādhidaivika: suffering caused by cosmic forces such as floods and earthquakes.
असारं
asāraṃ
unsubstantial, without essence
adjective, neuter, nominative singular
निन्दितं
ninditaṃ
contemptible, reproached
past passive participle, neuter, nominative singular
हेयम्
heyam
to be rejected, fit for abandonment
gerundive adjective, neuter, nominative singular
इति
iti
thus, having concluded
indeclinable quotation particle
निश्चित्य
niścitya
having decided, realizing
indeclinable participle (gerund)
शाम्यति
śāmyati
becomes calm, is quieted
verb, present, 3rd person singular (root: śam)
Śānti — inner quietude — is the natural result of correct discrimination (viveka). It is not achieved by effort but arises spontaneously when the mind has thoroughly understood the worthlessness of phenomenal existence.